{"id":1408,"date":"2017-07-25T10:19:45","date_gmt":"2017-07-25T07:19:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.ubbcluj.ro\/hu\/?p=1408"},"modified":"2017-09-26T10:10:27","modified_gmt":"2017-09-26T07:10:27","slug":"kelet-kozep-europa-helyzete-a-migracios-mintazatok-es-a-centrum-periferia-tagolodas-tukreben","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.ubbcluj.ro\/hu\/kelet-kozep-europa-helyzete-a-migracios-mintazatok-es-a-centrum-periferia-tagolodas-tukreben\/","title":{"rendered":"Kelet-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Eur\u00f3pa helyzete a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s mint\u00e1zatok \u00e9s a centrum\u2013perif\u00e9ria tagol\u00f3d\u00e1s t\u00fckr\u00e9ben[*]"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f6r\u00f6k Ibolya, a BBTE Magyar F\u00f6ldrajzi Int\u00e9zet\u00e9nek oktat\u00f3ja tanulm\u00e1ny\u00e1ban azt vizsg\u00e1lja, hogy a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s trendek mik\u00e9nt j\u00e1rulhatnak hozz\u00e1 a kelet- \u00e9s nyugat-eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt h\u00faz\u00f3d\u00f3 t\u00e1rsadalmi-gazdas\u00e1gi szakad\u00e9k elm\u00e9ly\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/p>\n

Az 1990-es \u00e9vekkel kezd\u0151d\u0151 politikai-gazdas\u00e1gi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok jelent\u0151s \u00e1talakul\u00e1sokhoz vezettek a kelet-k\u00f6z\u00e9p-eur\u00f3pai \u00e1llamok t\u00e9rszerkezet\u00e9ben \u00e9s kiv\u00e1ndorl\u00e1si szok\u00e1saiban. Ebben az id\u0151szakban a kelet-k\u00f6z\u00e9p-eur\u00f3pai posztszocialista orsz\u00e1gok egyfajta \u00fctk\u00f6z\u0151z\u00f3nak\u00e9nt funkcion\u00e1ltak \u2013 a felbomlott Jugoszl\u00e1via ter\u00fclet\u00e9r\u0151l Nyugat ir\u00e1ny\u00e1ba tart\u00f3 bev\u00e1ndorl\u00f3k t\u00f6megeit fogt\u00e1k fel. Ezzel egy id\u0151ben a j\u00f3val fejlettebb nyugat- \u00e9s \u00e9szak-eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gokban elkezd\u0151d\u00f6tt a munkaer\u0151piac liberaliz\u00e1ci\u00f3ja, ami hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rult egy \u00faj gazdas\u00e1gi migr\u00e1ci\u00f3 kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. Az eur\u00f3pai \u00e1llamok piacgazdas\u00e1gi szerepl\u0151kk\u00e9 val\u00f3 \u00e1talakul\u00e1sa \u2013 p\u00e1rhuzamosan az eur\u00f3paiz\u00e1ci\u00f3s \u00e9s globaliz\u00e1ci\u00f3s folyamatokkal \u2013 a posztszocialista migr\u00e1ci\u00f3 dinamik\u00e1j\u00e1t radik\u00e1lisan \u00faj kontextusba helyezte, teoretikus \u00e9s empirikus szempontb\u00f3l \u00faj megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9si m\u00f3dszereket k\u00f6vetelve a Kelet- \u00e9s Nyugat-Eur\u00f3pa k\u00f6z\u00f6tti mobilit\u00e1s vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1ban. A 2014-es, majd a 2017-es EU-b\u0151v\u00edt\u00e9sek n\u00f6velt\u00e9k az Eur\u00f3pa nyugati \u00e9s keleti t\u00e9rs\u00e9gei k\u00f6z\u00f6tti mobilit\u00e1s lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t, az orsz\u00e1gokon bel\u00fcli, illetve a hat\u00e1rokon t\u00falr\u00f3l tapasztalhat\u00f3 migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s \u00e1ramlatok a kontinens \u00faj f\u00f6ldrajz\u00e1t hozt\u00e1k l\u00e9tre.<\/p>\n

Ezek a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok azonban \u2013 \u00e1llap\u00edtja meg T\u00f6r\u00f6k Ibolya, a Babe\u0219\u2013Bolyai Tudom\u00e1nyegyetem Magyar F\u00f6ldrajzi Int\u00e9zet\u00e9nek adjunktusa \u2013 nem id\u00e9ztek el\u0151 jelent\u0151s hangs\u00falyv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokat a centrum\u2013perif\u00e9ria tagol\u00f3d\u00e1s ter\u00e9n. A NUTS 3-as szint\u0171, azaz a statisztikai c\u00e9l\u00fa ter\u00fcleti egys\u00e9gek n\u00f3menklat\u00far\u00e1ja alapj\u00e1n lehat\u00e1rolt ter\u00fcleti egys\u00e9gek adatainak vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1b\u00f3l az der\u00fcl ki, hogy Kelet- \u00e9s Nyugat-Eur\u00f3pa viszonylat\u00e1ban a fejl\u0151d\u00e9si, valamint gazdas\u00e1gi k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9gek tov\u00e1bbra is m\u00e9ly\u00fclnek. A tanulm\u00e1ny szerz\u0151je az Eur\u00f3pa ter\u00fclet\u00e9n tapasztalhat\u00f3 migr\u00e1ci\u00f3t a centrum \u00e9s a perif\u00e9ria k\u00f6z\u00f6tt kialakul\u00f3, majd elm\u00e9ly\u00fcl\u0151 egyenl\u0151tlens\u00e9gek ellens\u00falyoz\u00e1s\u00e1t szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 mozg\u00e1sk\u00e9nt \u00e9rtelmezi. A nemzetk\u00f6zi migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s folyamatok \u2013 melyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl a szerz\u0151 a Spanyolorsz\u00e1gban \u00e9s Olaszorsz\u00e1gban dolgoz\u00f3 rom\u00e1niai vend\u00e9gmunk\u00e1sok p\u00e9ld\u00e1j\u00e1t emeli ki \u2013 az ut\u00f3bbi t\u00edz \u00e9vben ink\u00e1bb elm\u00e9ly\u00edtett\u00e9k a m\u00e1r l\u00e9tez\u0151 szakad\u00e9kokat, mintsem enyh\u00edtett\u00e9k volna azokat. A nemzetk\u00f6zi v\u00e1ndorl\u00e1s nem a ter\u00fcleti konvergencia ir\u00e1ny\u00e1ba hatott, hanem mindink\u00e1bb a fejlett \u00e9s elmaradott ter\u00fcletek k\u00f6z\u00f6tti k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9gek el\u0151id\u00e9z\u0151j\u00e9v\u00e9 v\u00e1lt. A magasan k\u00e9pzett kelet-k\u00f6z\u00e9p-eur\u00f3pai munkaer\u0151 a m\u00e1r eleve fejlettebb r\u00e9gi\u00f3kba \u00f6sszpontosul, az ennek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en megn\u00f6veked\u0151 gazdas\u00e1gi hozam pedig olyan ter\u00fcleteken fejti ki hat\u00e1s\u00e1t, ahol m\u00e1r eleve er\u0151s a termel\u0151i szektor. Mindez nem csup\u00e1n szupranacion\u00e1lis (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az EU \u00e9s a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 Kelet-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Eur\u00f3pa \u00e1llamok viszonylat\u00e1ban), de lok\u00e1lis szinten is fesz\u00fclts\u00e9geket \u00e9s t\u00f6r\u00e9svonalakat hoz l\u00e9tre.<\/p>\n

T\u00f6r\u00f6k Ibolya kiemeli, hogy Kelet-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Eur\u00f3pa helyzete a centrum\u2013perif\u00e9ria tagol\u00f3d\u00e1s perspekt\u00edv\u00e1j\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00f6sszetett, vil\u00e1ggazdas\u00e1gi szempontb\u00f3l ugyanis szemiperif\u00e9ria, r\u00e9gi\u00f3politikai \u00e9rtelemben viszont k\u00f6zponti t\u00e9rs\u00e9g (a kelet-k\u00f6z\u00e9p-eur\u00f3pai \u00e1llamok EU-tags\u00e1g\u00e1ra lehet itt gondolni). Az EU k\u00e9t keleti kapuja, Rom\u00e1nia \u00e9s Bulg\u00e1ria a gazdas\u00e1g \u00e9s a munkaer\u0151 be\u00e1raml\u00e1sa szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l tov\u00e1bbra is a perif\u00e9ria szimb\u00f3lumai.<\/p>\n

[* ] <\/sup>Ibolya T\u00f6r\u00f6k (2017): Migration Patterns and Core\u2013Pheriphery Relations from the Central and Eastern-European Perspective. European Review<\/em>, 25, 388\u2013405.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nett\u00f3 migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s ar\u00e1nysz\u00e1mok Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban a 2000 \u00e9s 2013 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti id\u0151szakban. Forr\u00e1s: https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/european-review\/article\/migration-patterns-and-coreperiphery-relations-from-the-central-and-easterneuropean-perspective\/F9C6A2F1763A1E65BFE36F7BC5876036<\/p>\n

\u00a0A tanulm\u00e1nyismertet\u0151 szerkeszt\u0151je: Serest\u00e9ly Zal\u00e1n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f6r\u00f6k Ibolya, a BBTE Magyar F\u00f6ldrajzi Int\u00e9zet\u00e9nek oktat\u00f3ja tanulm\u00e1ny\u00e1ban azt vizsg\u00e1lja, hogy a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s trendek mik\u00e9nt j\u00e1rulhatnak hozz\u00e1 a kelet- \u00e9s nyugat-eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt h\u00faz\u00f3d\u00f3 t\u00e1rsadalmi-gazdas\u00e1gi szakad\u00e9k elm\u00e9ly\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9hez. Az 1990-es \u00e9vekkel kezd\u0151d\u0151 politikai-gazdas\u00e1gi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok jelent\u0151s \u00e1talakul\u00e1sokhoz vezettek a kelet-k\u00f6z\u00e9p-eur\u00f3pai \u00e1llamok …<\/p>\n

Kelet-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Eur\u00f3pa helyzete a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s mint\u00e1zatok \u00e9s a centrum\u2013perif\u00e9ria tagol\u00f3d\u00e1s t\u00fckr\u00e9ben[*]<\/span> Tov\u00e1bb »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":1412,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52,12],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nKelet-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Eur\u00f3pa helyzete a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s mint\u00e1zatok \u00e9s a centrum\u2013perif\u00e9ria tagol\u00f3d\u00e1s t\u00fckr\u00e9ben[*] - Kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s PR iroda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.ubbcluj.ro\/hu\/kelet-kozep-europa-helyzete-a-migracios-mintazatok-es-a-centrum-periferia-tagolodas-tukreben\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kelet-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Eur\u00f3pa helyzete a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s mint\u00e1zatok \u00e9s a centrum\u2013perif\u00e9ria tagol\u00f3d\u00e1s t\u00fckr\u00e9ben[*] - Kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s PR iroda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00f6r\u00f6k Ibolya, a BBTE Magyar F\u00f6ldrajzi Int\u00e9zet\u00e9nek oktat\u00f3ja tanulm\u00e1ny\u00e1ban azt vizsg\u00e1lja, hogy a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s trendek mik\u00e9nt j\u00e1rulhatnak hozz\u00e1 a kelet- \u00e9s nyugat-eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt h\u00faz\u00f3d\u00f3 t\u00e1rsadalmi-gazdas\u00e1gi szakad\u00e9k elm\u00e9ly\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9hez. 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